ارتباط بین ارضاء نیازهای اساسی روان‌شناختی بر انگیزش ورزشی، مهارت‌های حرکتی و مهارت‌های منتخب مرتبط با تربیت‌بدنی در دختران 9 تا 12 سال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تربیت‌بدنی ،دانشکده علوم انسانی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران شمال، تهران، ایران

2 گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران شمال، تهران، ایران

چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی رابطۀ بین ارضای نیازهای اساسی روان‌شناختی با انگیزش ورزشی، مهارت‌های حرکتی بنیادی و مهارت‌های منتخب مرتبط با تربیت‌بدنی در کودکان بود. روش پژوهش از نوع مطالعۀ مقطعی-همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری شامل همه دانش‌آموزان ابتدایی شهر تهران و نمونه آماری متشکل از 110 دانش‌آموز دختر ۹ تا ۱۲ سال منطقه ۱۶ تهران در سال تحصیلی 1401-1400 بود که داوطلبانه در پژوهش شرکت کردند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها شامل پرسشنامۀ ارضای نیازهای روان‌شناختی در تربیت‌بدنی، پرسشنامۀ مقررات رفتاری در تربیت‌بدنی، آزمون برونینکس-اوزرتسکی و آزمون هماهنگی بدن برای سنجش مهارت‌های حرکتی بنیادی و آزمون استاندارد مهارت‌های مرتبط با تربیت‌بدنی بود. روش همبستگی پیرسون برای بررسی روابط بین همه متغیرها به کار رفت. همچنین تجزیه و تحلیل رگرسیون خطی چندگانه روی متغیرها با همبستگی انجام شد. درنهایت، تأثیر مستقیم نیازهای روان‌شناختی اساسی (یعنی متغیرهای مستقل) بر FMS (یعنی متغیرهای وابسته) شناسایی شد. تجزیه و تحلیل‌های آماری با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 26 انجام شد و سطح معناداری 05/0 تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد که مؤلفه‌های شایستگی و ارتباط با همسالان به صورت مثبت و مؤلفه‌های خودمختاری، ارتباط با معلم و ارتباط با همسالان، به صورت منفی قادر به پیش‌بینی انگیزش کنترل‌شده تربیت‌بدنی بودند. همچنین مؤلفۀ شایستگی و مؤلفۀ ارتباط با همسالان و مؤلفۀ شایستگی و خودمختاری، به صورت مثبت قادر به پیش‌بینی مهارت‌های حرکتی بودند؛ بنابراین معلمان تربیت‌بدنی می‌توانند با تقویت احساس شایستگی، خودمختاری و ارتباط در دانش‌آموزان، زمینه افزایش انگیزش درونی و بهبود عملکرد حرکتی آنان را فراهم آورند.

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